| Battle of Farsetmore | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Clan war between O'Neills and O'Donnells | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
| O'Neills of Tyrone | O'Donnells of Tyrconnell | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Shane O'Neill | Aodh mac Maghnusa Ó Domhnaill | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| c.2000 | c.2000 | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| 600-1300 killed | low | ||||||
The Battle of Farsetmore was fought near Letterkenny in Donegal, north-western Ireland, on the 8 May 1567, between the O’Neill and O’Donnell Túath. Shane O'Neill, chief of the O’Neills of Tyrone, was defeated by Aodh mac Maghnusa Ó Domhnaill (Hugh O'Donnell) and the O’Donnells freed themselves from O’Neill overlordship.
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Shane O’Neill had, in the previous 20 years, eliminated his rivals within the O’Neills and asserted his authority over neighbouring clans (or "septs") the MacDonnells in Antrim and O’Donnells in Donegal. In 1566, the English Lord Deputy of Ireland, Henry Sidney, gave military support to the O’Donnells against O’Neill, who was regarded as a destabilising and anti-English power in the north of Ireland. O’Neill forced out these English troops, but the new O’Donnell chieftain, Hugh O’Donnell, took the opportunity to assert his independence and raided O’Neill’s lands at Strabane.[1] In response, O’Neill mustered his armed forces and marched into O’Donnell territory.
O’Neill crossed into Tir Connell (O’Donnell territory) by crossing the River Swilly about a mile north of Letterkenny. O’Donnell attacked him at a place called Farsetmore. Both sides are estimated at about 2000 men and were composed of similar troops, Cavalry, composed of nobles, gallowglass mercenaries and clan levies.
O’Donnell’s horsemen harassed O’Neill as his men were fording the river. Then, the two sides fought hand to hand combat. The O’Donnell horse got the better of O’Neill’s cavalry, precipitating a general retreat on behalf of O’Neill’s force. The O’Donnells pursued them back over the River Swilly, causing many of them to drown. O’Neill lost between 600 and 1300 men killed.
Looking for an alliance, he turned to the MacDonald's of Dunnyveg. He arrived at their camp at Cushendun and afterwards was put to the sword, in retribution of his actions against the MacDonalds, and sent his head to the English authorities in Dublin.[2]